Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease an 8-inch round pan and line with parchment paper.
Whisk together flour, cocoa powder, baking powder, baking soda, and salt in a bowl. Set aside.
Beat butter and sugar until pale and fluffy, about 4 minutes. Add eggs one at a time, then mix in vanilla.
Add dry ingredients in three additions, alternating with buttermilk. Mix just until combined.
Pour batter into prepared pan and bake for 28-30 minutes until toothpick comes out with moist crumbs.
Cool in pan for 10 minutes, then turn out onto wire rack to cool completely.
Blend raspberries with sugar until smooth, then strain through fine-mesh sieve to remove seeds.
Whip heavy cream and vanilla until soft peaks form. Gently fold in cooled melted chocolate, then fold in raspberry puree.
Refrigerate mousse for 30 minutes to firm up.
Slice cooled cake horizontally into two layers. Place bottom layer on serving plate and spread half the mousse over it.
Top with second cake layer and spread remaining mousse. Chill for at least 1 hour.
For ganache, heat cream until bubbling, pour over chopped chocolate. Let sit 2 minutes, then stir until smooth.
Let ganache cool for 10 minutes, then pour over chilled cake. Garnish with fresh raspberries.